What are the components of architectural fire retardant coatings?

Like other types of coatings, architectural fire retardant coatings are also composed of base materials, additives, fillers and pigments. The difference is that a large number of fire-retardant components are added to the fire-retardant coating, and there are some special requirements in the choice of materials.
At present, the base materials commonly used in fire retardant coatings are inorganic and organic. The base materials of the non-model fireproof coating mainly include silicate (such as sodium silicate, potassium silicate, lithium silicate, etc.), phosphate (such as aluminum hydrogen phosphate), silica sol, etc. There are many types of base materials for organic fire retardant coatings, which are divided into two categories: water-based and solvent-based. Commonly used water-based base liquids, silicone-acrylic emulsions, polyvinyl acetate emulsions, chlorine partial emulsions, styrene-butadiene emulsions, and fluoxane solvent-based base materials mainly include phenolic resins, halogenated alkyd resins, unsaturated polyester resins, and amino resins ( Such as urea-formaldehyde resin, melamine formaldehyde resin, etc.), halogenated olefin resin (such as polyvinyl chloride resin, high chlorinated polyethylene, perchlorinated vinyl resin: furan resin, silicone resin and chlorinated rubber, etc. Synthetic resin base materials can be used together to sometimes achieve twice the result with half the effort.
In non-intumescent fire retardant coatings, the fire retardant additives are mainly flame retardants. Commonly used organic compounds containing phosphorus and halogen (such as chlorinated paraffin, decabromobiphenyl ether, tricresyl phosphate and 8-trichloroethylene phosphate, etc.) as well as antimony (antimony trioxide), boron (boric acid Inorganic flame retardants such as zinc), aluminum series (aluminum hydroxide) and magnesium series (magnesium hydroxide). Fire retardant additives for intumescent fire retardant coatings are usually not a single substance, but a combined system, including dehydration carbon-forming catalyst (acid source), carbon-forming agent (carbon source) and foaming agent.
Commonly used fillers include diatomaceous earth, powdered silicate fiber, mica powder, kaolin, sepiolite powder, talc powder, etc. Reasonable selection of fireproof fillers can improve the crack resistance and sag resistance of coatings and carbonized layers.
Pigments in fire retardant coatings not only improve the physical and chemical properties and mechanical properties of fire retardant coatings, but also have an important influence. Commonly used pigments are white mask materials (titanium dioxide, zinc oxide, zinc barium white, etc.), red pigments (iron oxide red, toluidine red, scarlet powder, cadmium red, molybdenum chromium red, etc.), orange pigments (molybdenum chromium Orange, chrome yellow, iron oxide yellow, cadmium yellow, light fast yellow G, etc.), green pigments (lead chrome green, chromium oxide green, phthalocyanine green, etc.), blue pigments (iron ultramarine blue, phthalocyanine blue, etc.), Black pigments (iron black, carbon black, etc.).