Flame Retardant Mechanism of Halogen Flame Retardants

Halogen-based flame retardants include bromine-based and chlorine-based flame retardants. Halogen flame retardants are currently one of the largest organic flame retardants in the world. Most of the halogen flame retardants are brominated flame retardants. Industrially produced brominated flame retardants can be divided into three categories: additive type, reactive type and polymer type, and there are many varieties. There are more than 20 kinds of additive bromine-based flame retardants, more than 10 kinds of polymer bromine-based flame retardants, and more than 20 kinds of reactive bromine-based flame retardants in the domestic and foreign markets. Additive flame retardants mainly include decabromodiphenyl ether (DBDPO), tetrabromobisphenol A bis(2,3-dialkylpropyl) ether (TBAB), octabromodiphenyl ether (OBDPO), etc.; reactive type Flame retardants mainly include tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA), 2, 4, 6-tribromophenol, etc.; polymer flame retardants mainly include brominated polystyrene, brominated epoxy, and tetrabromobisphenol A carbonic acid Ester oligomers and so on. The main reason why brominated flame retardants are favored is their high flame retardant efficiency and moderate price.

Due to the low bond energy of the C-Br bond, the decomposition temperature of most brominated flame retardants is 200°C -300°C, which is also the decomposition temperature range of commonly used polymers. Therefore, when the polymer is decomposed, the brominated flame retardant also begins to decompose, and can capture the free radicals when the polymer material is decomposed, thereby delaying or inhibiting the reaction of burning the chain, and the released HBr itself is a kind of flame retardant. Gas can cover the surface of the material to block and dilute the oxygen concentration. This kind of flame retardant is used in combination with antimony (antimony trioxide or antimony pentoxide) without exception, and the flame retardant effect is significantly improved through synergistic effect.

Halogen flame retardants mainly play a flame retardant effect in the gas phase. Because the hydrogen halide gas produced by the decomposition of halide is a non-combustible gas, it has a dilution effect. It has a large specific gravity and forms a layer of gas film covering the solid surface of the polymer material, which can isolate air and heat and play a covering effect. More importantly, hydrogen halide can inhibit the chain reaction of the burning of polymer materials and play a role in scavenging free radicals.

Shawn

Regional Sales Manager

Zhejiang Ruico Advanced Materials Co., Ltd. (Stock No.873233)

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